The village of Deir Kifa showcases the remnants of a forgotten Medieval era fortress.
Situated atop a hill, the fortress offers a commanding view of Nabatieh’s landscape.
Historical Background
Maroun fortress is one of 6 main medieval era stcutures, once part of the Kingdome of Jerusalem: Beaufort, Le Toron, Noir Garde, Saida Sea Castle, Saint-Louis and Belhasem.
The close proximity of Maroun fortress to the larger one – Le Toron – which controlled the trade route connecting the principality of Damascus to Tyre, likely played a role in obscuring its history.
What is known through medieval chronical is that the Crusaders are the founders of the fortress. It is reasonable to propose that its construction took place in the early 11th century, around the time when Le Toron was established, with Maroun fortress likely falling under its lordship.
According to Crusader chronicles, the fortress was once owned by the Lord of Tyre, Philippe de Montfort, who later transferred it to the military order of the Hospitallers.
Like its counterparts, it is believed that Maroun fortress may have succumbed to the Mamluks in the 13th century, either being destroyed or repurposed to exert control over the region. Subsequently, the Ottomans reclaimed and utilized the structure for a period of time before eventually abandoning it at an unknown date.
Local residents speculate that the name “Maroun” could be attributed to a Crusader general who either founded or owned the fortress.
Structure
The fortress takes the form of a rectangular shape, covering an area of approximately 10,000 square meters. It is adorned with 12 circular towers, of which a few still possess their foundations. Additionally, the site boasts numerous wells and rooms with arched ceilings.
Over time, several minor restoration workshops at the fortress were financed through the contributions of private donors and the French UNIFIL corps.
Karim Sokhn
Tour Operator and Tour Guide
Reference:
Chateaux et Eglises du Moyen Age au Liban
http://www.orient-latin.com/fortresses/maron
*Fortress picture plan by https://www.arar-co.com/projects/deir-kifa-castle
